Evolution and Development of ICT in Education
Some important changes are already under way in education, due to ICT. Such changes are in the following:
A. Teaching and Learning practice in institutions of any level (Schools, universities, etc.)
-mathematics
-language
-all other subjects
B. New Teaching ideas, approaches and methodologies have being developed, relying on ICT
-Distance Education
-Home Schooling
-Cross Curriculum
-Virtual Reality
Four Major Phases in the History of Computer in Education
• Late 1970’s-early 1980’s: Programming, drill, and practice
• Late 1980’s-early 1990’s: Computer based training (CBT) with Multimedia
• Early 1990’s: Internet Based Training (IBT)
• Late 1990’s-early 2000: e-Learning
• Late 2000: Social software + free and open content.
Late 1970’s-early 1980’s: Programming, drill, and practice
• “ATK”– Automated Data Processing
• Nokia MikroMikko- released by Nokia Corporation’s computer division Nokia Data from 1981 through 1978. MikroMikko was Nokia Data's attempt to enter the business computer market. They were especially designed for good ergonomy.
• The reason to teach programming was not to train programmers but the believe that it will develop students’ logics and math skills.
Late 1980’s-early 1990’s: Computer based training (CBT) with Multimedia
• It was said that students would learn if they could watch animations in colours, small video clips and then do the exercises.
• Golden era of CD-ROMs and multi media computers.
Early 1990’s: Internet Based Training (IBT)
• The 3rd wave of using computer in education came with the raise of the world wide web.
• The promoters of this new paradigm claimed that information changes so fast that one should update it almost everyday. And the solution: The Internet and Internet-based training.
• All you could do on the Internet that time was text and pictures and some early experiments with animations, video and audio.
• The purpose and reason to promote this was the believe that it is cost-efficient as there were no more travelling to training or absence from workplace.
Late 1990’s-early 2000: e-Learning
• The hype around e-learning is a kind of classical example of creating needs. Thousand of websites, articles and companies made it clear for all somehow related to education that this is something you must be involved.
• The IT managers of thousands of educational institutions and organizations were asked by the educational experts to come up with e-Learning solutions and companies were happy to help the IT managers.
• The markets for e-learning courses and especially for Learning Management Systems (LMS) were created.
• The point of e-learning is to deliver courses for the students.
• Later on, the learning platform developers has become more aware that learning requires social activities among the learners themselves and the teacher.
Late 2000: Social software + free and open content.
• Blogs and wikis have already brought web back to its original idea: simple tool for your personal notes that are easily accessible and even editable.
• Such projects as the GNU-GPL, Creative Commons, Wikipedia and Open Courseware have shown that free content benefits all- and that people are willing to contribute to the common good.
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